In what situation is it permissible to limit specifications to fewer than three manufacturers?

Limiting specifications to fewer than three manufacturers is permissible when there are sound reasons in the public interest. This situation typically arises when specific circumstances justify a restricted number of manufacturers to ensure the efficiency, quality, or safety of the project. For instance, if a unique technological requirement or a proprietary product is essential to meet project specifications, narrowing the field to a fewer number of manufacturers may be necessary to achieve the desired outcomes.

In this context, ensuring that the project aligns with broader objectives such as public safety, environmental considerations, or compliance with regulatory requirements can warrant a departure from the standard practice of soliciting bids from multiple manufacturers. It is crucial, however, to document and communicate the rationale for such a decision clearly to maintain transparency and integrity in the procurement process.

Other options, while potentially relevant in different contexts, do not provide the same compelling justification rooted in the public interest. Budget constraints or project preferences are not typically valid grounds for limiting manufacturer specifications unless they align with broader public concerns. Compliance with industry standards is generally about maintaining quality and safety, which would often still allow for multiple manufacturers unless specific justifications exist.